WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.860 Team. 2 00:00:01.910 --> 00:00:05.350 Dean Pesnell: And now and now Barbara is going to introduce our speaker. 3 00:00:05.730 --> 00:00:20.609 Barbara Thompson (she/they): So Hi, everyone! We're very lucky to have our speaker today. Doctor Karin Desauer, who got her Phd. In 2,018. I can't believe it's been that long from the University of Gotz in Austria 4 00:00:20.660 --> 00:00:29.429 Barbara Thompson (she/they): and after a one year. Position there has been at Northwest Research Associates ever since, and 5 00:00:29.450 --> 00:00:47.359 Barbara Thompson (she/they): Karen is very well known for research on dimmings, the the behavior, the magnetic nature, and has done that since graduate school. Additionally. She's a Co. Investigator on the sunset cubesat, which is also targeting the understanding of 6 00:00:47.360 --> 00:01:15.839 Barbara Thompson (she/they): early early phase of Cms, now, i, and this is gonna be a wonderful talk current also leads. And Isi team that works on the many aspects of of chronal demings, and I know that you could keep me interested with 5 h worth of talk. But so I'm gonna I'm I'm curious to see how you manage to squeeze so much of the stuff that you're doing into a normal seminar presentation. So I will monitor the chat. 7 00:01:15.870 --> 00:01:41.720 Karin Dissauer: Okay? And usually. What we do is if it's a clarification question, I might I might come in, and you know. Ask, and everyone else go ahead and ask your questions in the chat. If you have them, and then we'll save them for the end. We should have plenty of time for discussion. So 8 00:01:41.720 --> 00:02:08.090 Karin Dissauer: mit ctl, and in the next sort of 35 to 40 min I would like to talk about tracing the shadow or early diagnostics of Corona mass ejections through Corona. So I'm a research scientist at Northwest Research Associates in Boulder in Colorado. And I literally try to take you through what I've been working on the past 5 years on Corona Dmix one. 9 00:02:08.490 --> 00:02:11.880 Karin Dissauer: And of course all of this work is not possible without 10 00:02:12.000 --> 00:02:17.539 Karin Dissauer: a team of people and like collaborators. And I've listed them here in the second line. 11 00:02:19.050 --> 00:02:27.460 Karin Dissauer: Okay, so let's start with a short introduction of what corona demings are. So corona demings manifest as 12 00:02:27.510 --> 00:02:37.539 Karin Dissauer: transient regions of reduced emission, usually in the soft X-rays and in the extreme motor violet that form during them during an eruption. 13 00:02:37.770 --> 00:02:44.700 Karin Dissauer: And what you see in this movie here is like paste different images, meaning that we subtract 14 00:02:44.920 --> 00:02:53.880 Karin Dissauer: each sort of image that we observe from a reference image in order to make those faint regions visible. 15 00:02:54.100 --> 00:03:03.990 Karin Dissauer: and you can see as the Cme sort of propagating out, it forms a sort of dark region in its wake. And this is what we are interested in. 16 00:03:05.230 --> 00:03:27.220 Karin Dissauer: Deeming smap, usually coast magnetic field lines that become either stretched or temporarily open during the eruption. Here are 2 beautiful examples, or actually 5 beautiful examples, or from Barbara Thompson. I like this one in particular, where you can nicely. See? 17 00:03:27.620 --> 00:03:35.360 Karin Dissauer: how sort of the expanding Cmi structure is leaving this sort of teaming behind on the off the limp. 18 00:03:35.660 --> 00:03:37.510 Karin Dissauer: And 19 00:03:37.670 --> 00:03:47.999 Karin Dissauer: demings are thought to be, or are interpreted as being, the depletion of coronal plasma caused by this expansion, and also the mass loss during the semi-year options. 20 00:03:49.300 --> 00:03:56.119 Karin Dissauer: currently coronemings are classified into 2 types. 21 00:03:56.290 --> 00:04:00.660 Karin Dissauer: So people refer to core or twin demons as like 22 00:04:00.680 --> 00:04:24.560 Karin Dissauer: Mit Ctl, and this localized dark regions near option side in opposite polarity regions, and they point towards the feed of the ejected flax row. I show here to SEO A a 211 images where you can see on the left hand side. I marked one of these core, or like flax demings. 23 00:04:24.610 --> 00:04:27.349 Karin Dissauer: And then there's the second class, which are 24 00:04:27.450 --> 00:04:41.490 Karin Dissauer: usually from observations called secondary or remote themings. They are more shallow, they are more extended, and they seem to map out the expansion of the Cmi body and the overlying Corona 25 00:04:41.630 --> 00:05:03.120 Karin Dissauer: I provided also here a sketch of like what do you see? Actually, before interruption? And then, when interruption is on the way where we where I just marked what we think are the core and the secondary Linux. This classification is purely based on sort of observations, and this is like a graph adopted from Mason at our 2,014. 26 00:05:04.770 --> 00:05:07.710 Karin Dissauer: So I already 27 00:05:07.850 --> 00:05:14.519 Karin Dissauer: mentioned earlier that demings are due to density, depletion not so much due to a temperature effect. 28 00:05:14.700 --> 00:05:30.589 Karin Dissauer: Why do we think this is true? So we have multiple observations that indicate that it's a real density depletion. For example, we have simultaneous and co-spatial observations in different wavelengths. We also have, like 29 00:05:30.970 --> 00:05:48.449 Karin Dissauer: had in the past, in the literature studies that focus on the plasma diagnostics using differential emission measure analysis, and they could show that we find density decreases up to 70 in diming regions. 30 00:05:48.670 --> 00:06:07.279 Karin Dissauer: You can look at those regions also from a spectroscopic point of view. I show an example here on the left hand side, where, when you zoom into this region that is really dark. Here, we observe plasma outflows in the form of blue shifted 31 00:06:07.300 --> 00:06:09.120 Karin Dissauer: signatures. 32 00:06:09.130 --> 00:06:19.720 Karin Dissauer: This is done with, you know the ice, for example, and this really underlines that mass, plasma or mass is leaving the sun in those steaming regions. 33 00:06:20.090 --> 00:06:29.950 Karin Dissauer: In addition to that, recently there was another paper by Lauren, chic at our 2,021 that found out flows from 34 00:06:30.020 --> 00:06:44.419 Karin Dissauer: what people think are core demons, or what are the feet of the flux rope, and I show here one of these core observations that they had in this paper, which is like SEO, 1, 9, 3, Angstrom. And you see those like 35 00:06:44.820 --> 00:06:52.270 Karin Dissauer: bright streaks that they also outlined here, which indicate sort of plasma outflows. 36 00:06:54.290 --> 00:07:06.780 Karin Dissauer: So why are we interested in core analytics? So why why do we work on it. So? they really help us? Or why are they relevant for Cms? They really help us to 37 00:07:07.390 --> 00:07:24.189 Karin Dissauer: better understand? The magnetic topology, the mass loss, and also sort of the triggering of Cms. And this is a recent study that we did where we tried to understand. If we map out sort of the magnetic configuration of the 38 00:07:24.620 --> 00:07:35.179 Karin Dissauer: Full, active region based on the corona teaming locations. It gives us a pretty good idea of what is going on in this region. And why is it opting? 39 00:07:35.470 --> 00:07:41.190 Karin Dissauer: I will come to this. I will talk about this specific study in a couple of slides again. 40 00:07:41.600 --> 00:08:07.120 Karin Dissauer: And then they are also really key in providing us information on Cms early on before we observe them in Corona graphs and this is sort of literally what I did during my Phd, so sort of research today during my Phd, where I really try to understand, okay, can we use characteristic parameters of teams to sort of 41 00:08:07.200 --> 00:08:09.969 Karin Dissauer: help us. 42 00:08:11.380 --> 00:08:26.870 Karin Dissauer: understand? Sort of what is the see me, mass, or what is the see me speed. So is there a statistical relationship with that. And then demons are pretty unique in a sense that they occur during the entire evolution of a solar option. 43 00:08:26.870 --> 00:08:55.900 Karin Dissauer: So they occur before the see me is on its way. One example is shown here in the top, where these vertically dashed line indicates the start of the Cme eruption, and you see that we observe already a gradual decrease in intensity in certain regions, and these are what people call prevent kernel dimings. So demons might be also able to tell us okay, when? 44 00:08:55.900 --> 00:09:00.900 And is an eruption on its way, not only like during the main phase, but even before that. 45 00:09:01.160 --> 00:09:04.430 Karin Dissauer: And then they are also like. 46 00:09:04.490 --> 00:09:11.359 Karin Dissauer: of course, they are there during the main eruption, and then they are also very important during the post eruption phase. 47 00:09:11.480 --> 00:09:27.949 Karin Dissauer: where we still try to understand. Okay, how is the corona getting back to its previous state? How is the corona refilling? Are certain regions different from others? And it turns out that teams might be able to play a key role here, too. 48 00:09:28.420 --> 00:09:30.970 Karin Dissauer: And then last, but not least, 49 00:09:31.410 --> 00:09:39.090 Karin Dissauer: this is work from the past 2 years. So James Mason already started. On that. 50 00:09:39.120 --> 00:09:43.949 Karin Dissauer: Teammates have the ability to be detected also. 51 00:09:44.050 --> 00:09:57.649 Karin Dissauer: sun as a star, light curves of the sun. So this is a example where you see the percentage change which is like before. See me flay event. Then you see the light curve showing us 52 00:09:57.680 --> 00:10:04.890 Karin Dissauer: the scene, the the flare, and afterwards we see these deep in the light curve which is due to the corona theming. So 53 00:10:04.990 --> 00:10:14.389 Karin Dissauer: themings are really our gateway towards the stars, and towards like The solar, solar stellar connection, but also towards stellar Cms. 54 00:10:14.610 --> 00:10:24.799 Karin Dissauer: And in a paper in 2021 me and my colleagues were able to even find those demons in archive data of 55 00:10:24.930 --> 00:10:32.019 Karin Dissauer: solar-type stars, which is pretty exciting, because stellar Cms are a very hot topic in terms of 56 00:10:32.180 --> 00:10:42.170 Karin Dissauer: their detection, and it turns out that the deeming method might be a very robust technique to detect them, or at least detect indications for them. 57 00:10:43.940 --> 00:10:46.680 Karin Dissauer: Okay. So during the next 58 00:10:46.710 --> 00:11:14.289 Karin Dissauer: couple of slides. I would like to give you now a short overview of the work that we did over the past 5 years on current teamings. And I would like to start with that. We put forward a new current teaming detection algorithm. So there are several detection algorithms already out there. Most of them are based on sort of base difference or base ratio images also use like direct images. 59 00:11:14.350 --> 00:11:29.060 Karin Dissauer: We decided to take or use logarithmic, base ratio images to detect Corona demings on disk because we were interested in detecting or studying or directed cms. 60 00:11:29.460 --> 00:11:49.759 Karin Dissauer: And why we chose to use logarithmic base ratios is because high intensity as well as low intensity regions, can be equally considered so umings that form in active regions versus they spread towards the quiet sun. They will show up in a similar intensity, range 61 00:11:49.820 --> 00:12:01.970 Karin Dissauer: and here, on the right hand side, I show an example. So this is our pre event frame from which we subtract or divide everything. This is during 62 00:12:02.080 --> 00:12:08.739 Karin Dissauer: the main eruption. So you see, we even observe the teaming in this particular event during 63 00:12:08.840 --> 00:12:15.769 Karin Dissauer: these direct images. If I then take the base different image, I see the strongest 64 00:12:15.960 --> 00:12:37.150 Karin Dissauer: changes in intensity at the sort of feed or close to the core of the region and sort of these huge teaming region is not really detected versus. When I look at logarithmic base ratio images, I get a much better idea how the deeming looks like. And I get also a lot of sort of sign structure. 65 00:12:37.710 --> 00:12:45.800 Karin Dissauer: So we choose. Do a sort of thresholding approach. We use morthological operators to reduce noise. 66 00:12:45.880 --> 00:12:50.770 Karin Dissauer: And this thresholding algorithm was found by looking at like 67 00:12:51.200 --> 00:12:52.260 Karin Dissauer: as sort of 68 00:12:52.420 --> 00:13:05.810 Karin Dissauer: image frame where nothing is happening to detect the noise level. And then we look at the histogram during the main eruption, or during when the teaming is is sort of in its largest extent and see, sort of okay, where 69 00:13:05.920 --> 00:13:10.649 Karin Dissauer: what is like the intensity range of our pixels. And this is how we chose the threshold. 70 00:13:11.060 --> 00:13:29.979 Karin Dissauer: What also sets us apart from other detection algorithms is that we treat the deeming phenomena as a time integrated phenomena. So we don't look at it at one time step, we look at it over a certain time range, and we do that with cumulative uming masks. 71 00:13:30.650 --> 00:13:39.839 Karin Dissauer: And on this slide I would just like to show you one of these examples how those cumulative deeming masks look like. So over the course of the event. 72 00:13:39.910 --> 00:13:52.260 Karin Dissauer: what the algorithm does? It's like it. Takes all the pixels that deem during, let's say, a 2 h period. And this is what you see here. So over time, my teaming area is growing. 73 00:13:52.600 --> 00:13:54.570 Karin Dissauer: And 74 00:13:54.600 --> 00:14:08.099 Karin Dissauer: in addition to that, we also look at characteristic timing parameters. So we are interested in describing the morphology, the magnetic properties, and also the brightness, evolution of the steaming regions. 75 00:14:08.590 --> 00:14:12.019 Karin Dissauer: we sort of 76 00:14:12.410 --> 00:14:24.630 Karin Dissauer: because we use this time integrated we use time integrated quantities. It also allows us to investigate the dynamics of these properties via sort of the time derivative. 77 00:14:24.870 --> 00:14:25.820 Karin Dissauer: and 78 00:14:25.980 --> 00:14:47.919 Karin Dissauer: since we take it as a time integrative approach, it allows us to study the full extent of the deeming evolution, because certain regions will beam at different time by sort of looking at it over a certain time range. We make sure. We also cover, for example, regions that were initially covered by post for the loops, but later show up as a demon. 79 00:14:48.370 --> 00:15:01.520 Karin Dissauer: And here's another example of a sort of timing map where you see when each of these pixels gets detected as steaming, which can also tell you already something about okay, what is going on in terms of their option. 80 00:15:01.610 --> 00:15:09.490 Karin Dissauer: We also use SEO hmi to look at like the underlying magnetic flux that? 81 00:15:09.800 --> 00:15:23.670 Karin Dissauer: yeah. And on this slide you see literally all the theming parameters parameters that we look at. So at the top panel you see the evolution of the area here in black. 82 00:15:23.700 --> 00:15:27.189 Karin Dissauer: since it's a cumulative curve, it always grows 83 00:15:27.340 --> 00:15:40.569 Karin Dissauer: when I take the time derivative of it, I can look at the area growth rate, which is here in green, where you see, we, we observe a significant peak during the main phase of the eruption. 84 00:15:40.650 --> 00:15:48.069 Karin Dissauer: we look at the positive negative and total, unsigned magnetic flux which you can see here in Panel B, 85 00:15:48.090 --> 00:15:50.120 Karin Dissauer: as well as their flux rates. 86 00:15:50.390 --> 00:15:54.890 Karin Dissauer: So how are sort of which sort of regions get like 87 00:15:55.060 --> 00:15:56.230 Karin Dissauer: detected? 88 00:15:56.350 --> 00:16:10.349 Karin Dissauer: And in this panel we show sort of deeming brightness, which is like an indication to okay. The demon is not only growing sort of in area, but it also sort of darkens over time. 89 00:16:10.500 --> 00:16:19.299 Karin Dissauer: And especially if sort of the full extent of the teaming region is breached, it can still sort of get darker. 90 00:16:19.500 --> 00:16:27.650 Karin Dissauer: And just for sort of reference. This last panel shows you the ghosts of the X-ray flux as well as its derivative. 91 00:16:28.050 --> 00:16:32.740 Karin Dissauer: where I can already see that sort of the derivative of the ghost flux. 92 00:16:32.760 --> 00:16:40.140 Karin Dissauer: Seems to visually agree a bit what the theming evolution is also showing us in terms of the area growth rate. 93 00:16:41.290 --> 00:16:59.129 Karin Dissauer: we also put forward something that is called the in policy phase of the deeming, which is literally okay. We take the fastest growth of the deeming, and we call from a sort of onset time until the peak of the area growth rate. We call it the rise time. 94 00:16:59.220 --> 00:17:20.910 Karin Dissauer: and then until a sort of threshold where we think, okay, not much evolution is going on anymore. We call it at the same time, this helps us to measure the diming duration which gives us an indication. Okay, how long is this mass evacuation and expansion of a Cme going on, and is like, actually observable in form of the diming 95 00:17:21.200 --> 00:17:27.009 Karin Dissauer: yeah. And sort of these methodology was then applied to 96 00:17:27.020 --> 00:17:38.019 Karin Dissauer: a statistical analysis, where we looked at 62 events for the stereo and sto quasic quadrature period, which was between 2,010 and 2,012 97 00:17:38.270 --> 00:17:43.160 Karin Dissauer: we chose this period because we wanted to get 98 00:17:44.090 --> 00:17:49.779 Karin Dissauer: very good estimates for the Cme kinematics, which is usually better, or 99 00:17:50.010 --> 00:18:04.620 Karin Dissauer: you have lower projection effects when you study semes on the limp, and in this case we were interested in Earth directed events. So we started the teaming on the disk with Sdo AI and Hmi. And then we looked at the Cm's 100 00:18:04.700 --> 00:18:19.920 Karin Dissauer: from the link. So here is just an overview of how one of these events will look like. So we track sort of the deeming evolution in the low corona we look at the Cme. Along its main direction. And we determine its mass. 101 00:18:19.930 --> 00:18:25.279 Karin Dissauer: and then we plot everything together, determine characteristic parameters and compare them. 102 00:18:26.840 --> 00:18:36.229 Karin Dissauer: And one interesting finding that we found is that it seems that the positive and the negative flux of timing regions are roughly balanced. 103 00:18:36.270 --> 00:18:38.719 Karin Dissauer: So 70% 104 00:18:39.110 --> 00:18:47.520 Karin Dissauer: of the events lie within the flux balance regime. So this can be seen in this plot where I plot the positive magnetic 105 00:18:47.680 --> 00:19:00.280 Karin Dissauer: flux against the absolute negative magnetic flux, and you see that most of the points lie within this flux balance regime and cast around this one to one correspondence line? 106 00:19:00.840 --> 00:19:11.869 Karin Dissauer: We also found a strong correlation between the magnetic fluxes of demings and flairy connection fluxes, which was a study that Mario Kazochenko did 107 00:19:11.880 --> 00:19:26.460 Karin Dissauer: in 2,017, and these can be seen in this right, on the right hand side, where, especially for flares that are more energetic or above and warm, we find again sort of this 108 00:19:27.400 --> 00:19:32.830 Karin Dissauer: the almost balance between steaming and the and the flairy connection flugs. 109 00:19:33.220 --> 00:19:38.060 Karin Dissauer: And we interpreted that finding in terms of 110 00:19:38.110 --> 00:19:48.460 Karin Dissauer: the theory or the models that were put forward by Forbes and Link 2,000 and Lean, and R. 2,004, where they assume that the same amount of magnetic flux should leave 111 00:19:48.490 --> 00:19:50.740 Karin Dissauer: a current sheet on both ends. 112 00:19:51.050 --> 00:20:03.459 Karin Dissauer: so on the lower end it should get like deposited in the chromosphere, and should like, or or even the photosphere, and should show up in form of flare ribbons. 113 00:20:03.480 --> 00:20:08.950 Karin Dissauer: and the sort of opposite, or the upward part is 114 00:20:09.090 --> 00:20:27.659 Karin Dissauer: observed in form of corona deemings were because reconnection is going on, and we have so much sort of secondary demons as well, forming not only the feet of the flux rope, we interpreted it as sort of polo flux is added to the erupting flux rope 115 00:20:29.890 --> 00:20:34.940 Karin Dissauer: and so, in terms of the parameters, we found 116 00:20:35.140 --> 00:20:36.860 Karin Dissauer: 2 main results. 117 00:20:36.910 --> 00:20:45.369 Karin Dissauer: So we found a class of deeming parameters which we call first order, deeming parameters. So these are related to the 118 00:20:45.650 --> 00:20:54.590 Karin Dissauer: teeming extend at the end of its evolution. So those are, for example, the dimming area, the brightness, or the magnetic flux. 119 00:20:54.840 --> 00:21:12.479 Karin Dissauer: and these parameters seem to correlate pretty well with the Cmi mass, and at the same time also with the flair fluense. Interestingly, to see Cmi mass and the flare fluance also seem to have a correlation. So 120 00:21:13.060 --> 00:21:16.129 Karin Dissauer: how we interpret this is that sort of 121 00:21:16.830 --> 00:21:25.589 Karin Dissauer: teamings are able to actually show you the connection between the see me and the flair, and actually reflect. Sort of 122 00:21:25.830 --> 00:21:30.770 Karin Dissauer: a relationship between the 2 in these phenomena. 123 00:21:31.680 --> 00:21:50.260 Karin Dissauer: and then the second sort of class of parameters which is now related to the dynamics. So how fast is the deeming, evolving! How fast is the magnetic flux growing! How fast is sort of its brightness changing! This seems to correlate with the Cmi speed. 124 00:21:50.300 --> 00:21:53.229 Karin Dissauer: and also with the flair peak flux. 125 00:21:53.520 --> 00:22:09.739 Karin Dissauer: people have reported sort of relationships between the Cmi speed and the flair peak flux in the literature. Although this correlation is much weaker compared to what we saw with the Cmi mass. 126 00:22:09.980 --> 00:22:20.389 Karin Dissauer: We were not really able, with these statistically said, to look at the Cme. Acceleration phase, because the measurements had not enough 127 00:22:20.620 --> 00:22:37.130 Karin Dissauer: temporal resolution. So we were just not able to observe the acceleration peak and this is, for example, something where we look forward to work with the sunset Cubesat, and hopefully observe 128 00:22:37.220 --> 00:22:58.040 Karin Dissauer: the full acceleration phase of a Cme at a certain cadence, where we can then look also at the seeming relationship. And look at sort of this triangle again, from a viewpoint with the Cmi acceleration phase, or to see me acceleration, which we couldn't do so far. 129 00:22:59.460 --> 00:23:02.960 Karin Dissauer: so this was literally 130 00:23:03.100 --> 00:23:16.460 Karin Dissauer: what I did during my Ph. D. And after that we ventured out into various different directions in terms of sort of our deeming research. So one aspect was like to look at 131 00:23:16.840 --> 00:23:24.499 Karin Dissauer: themings from the offering perspective. So what I did before was like looking at it from the on disk for directed events. 132 00:23:24.540 --> 00:23:33.669 Karin Dissauer: And then I'm asked a student. Now. Ph. D. Student of mine that are co-supervised. She actually did a complementary study to mine 133 00:23:33.700 --> 00:23:47.810 Karin Dissauer: by looking at the demons from on disk. We were interested in that, because we will have future missions such as we do. Who will go to like launch point 5. And we were interested. Okay. 134 00:23:48.010 --> 00:24:00.890 Karin Dissauer: can Demings awfully are being even a better indicator for these early estimates on seamy mass and seamy speed, and it turns out that the results improve 135 00:24:00.920 --> 00:24:09.100 Karin Dissauer: a bit compared to the on disc study. So we again find a strong correlation between the deeming area and the Cmi mass. 136 00:24:09.230 --> 00:24:13.080 Karin Dissauer: and between the area growth rate and the Cmi speed 137 00:24:13.120 --> 00:24:36.199 Karin Dissauer: it also looks like that. Probably the area by itself is able to determine or constrain both parameters, which is a pretty interesting result. And we are looking forward to have more data once, sort of which is on its way. To see what actually, we can get out of the teamings. 138 00:24:37.530 --> 00:24:50.899 Karin Dissauer: We also use sort of teamings as an input parameter for global, heavy, heliospheric simulations. So some of those simulations use simply a constant value for 139 00:24:50.940 --> 00:24:59.950 Karin Dissauer: the magnetic flux of the ejector that they then propagate out into the heliosphere and see if it's earth affecting or not. 140 00:25:00.200 --> 00:25:01.750 Karin Dissauer: and 141 00:25:01.880 --> 00:25:28.480 Karin Dissauer: in a study that was led by Camila's Collini at our 2,020, she said, okay. Instead of using a constant sort of flux estimate, she would like to use sort of teamings as a secondary signature to estimate the flux and also flair ribbons and sort of the post flair archive method. It was put forward by Anatco boswami and team. 142 00:25:28.580 --> 00:25:34.800 Karin Dissauer: and as it turns out that when you use sort of customized or. 143 00:25:34.880 --> 00:25:38.059 Karin Dissauer: yeah, customize sort of when used for these 144 00:25:38.380 --> 00:25:41.019 Karin Dissauer: magnetic flux. You 145 00:25:41.670 --> 00:25:48.740 Karin Dissauer: get a sort of decent agreement between. So she was able to get a decent agreement between 146 00:25:49.030 --> 00:26:07.489 Karin Dissauer: the different parameters that you can observe in situ with, like what the model output is, and in this particular case. It was this very complex or option which was literally a train offer of of Cms that that produce this really 147 00:26:08.000 --> 00:26:12.170 Karin Dissauer: earth, affecting to your magnetic storm. 148 00:26:13.690 --> 00:26:18.649 Karin Dissauer: so more recently, we also 149 00:26:19.290 --> 00:26:21.040 Karin Dissauer: started to 150 00:26:21.230 --> 00:26:43.030 Karin Dissauer: look into. If Corona Demings might be able to tell us something about the early Cme direction. And this is now a recent work by Karlina Chikonova, who just got these like paper, accepted in the end A, where she looked at the final teaming extent 151 00:26:43.460 --> 00:26:45.880 Karin Dissauer: at the end of its impulseive phase. 152 00:26:45.950 --> 00:26:57.089 Karin Dissauer: and she sort of divides the sun in different sectors, and tries to see in which of these sectors is the demon growing? The most? Or where do I have 153 00:26:57.170 --> 00:27:02.310 Karin Dissauer: most of of sort of this fractional area. and these you can see 154 00:27:02.520 --> 00:27:09.270 Karin Dissauer: this plot where you have to sector number versus the area, and you can see that for 155 00:27:09.850 --> 00:27:11.339 Karin Dissauer: the October 156 00:27:11.350 --> 00:27:38.799 Karin Dissauer: 28, 2,021 eruption, we find that the largest deeming area is in Sector 14, which is like the sector. And then she did this sort of threed reconstruction of the erupting filament, and it turns out that this erupting filament, if you d project the threed direction back to the sun, is agreeing with this sector, where the deeming is 157 00:27:38.910 --> 00:27:41.350 Karin Dissauer: sort of growing the most 158 00:27:41.810 --> 00:27:56.970 Karin Dissauer: which is a kind of nice indication that we are able to see sort of a slight direction from the demon overall. So the overall, like global or more global 159 00:27:56.970 --> 00:28:14.070 Karin Dissauer: shape of the deeming, is also able to be compared with the Gcs reconstruction that is purely done by chronographic images, which is another indication that this might be a nice method to look to go into more detail. 160 00:28:15.200 --> 00:28:20.130 Karin Dissauer: And another master student, Chanthinu Chain. 161 00:28:20.210 --> 00:28:32.869 Karin Dissauer: took that sector approach now, even one step further, and is trying to solve this inverse problem where we try to understand the 3D direction of 162 00:28:32.890 --> 00:28:49.130 Karin Dissauer: semi toy cone with respect to the deeming. So we try to fit the deeming shape with different 3 DCME. Cones at different heights, widths, and different deflections from the radio and propagation direction. 163 00:28:49.250 --> 00:28:59.620 Karin Dissauer: And he tries to find an optimum with like, okay, where is sort of the protected area of this cone? How is this like aligning with 164 00:28:59.750 --> 00:29:07.809 Karin Dissauer: the teeming area itself? And where do I have an optimum overlap? And he puts forward a sort of 165 00:29:08.050 --> 00:29:15.070 Karin Dissauer: method. Now, where is where we say, okay, if we are within the 95% maximum of overlap 166 00:29:15.430 --> 00:29:19.990 Karin Dissauer: we say, this is our sort of solution for the 167 00:29:20.160 --> 00:29:23.520 Karin Dissauer: 3D. Direction, and then we 168 00:29:23.700 --> 00:29:36.510 Karin Dissauer: express this in terms of the deflection from the meridial and the equatorial plane, and this might be one way to give us a very early on idea of 169 00:29:36.650 --> 00:29:43.520 Karin Dissauer: okay, is the Cmi highly deflected from the radial direction? Or is it more radial based on 170 00:29:43.820 --> 00:29:45.220 Karin Dissauer: the teaming information? 171 00:29:46.010 --> 00:29:53.140 Karin Dissauer: And this is just was just submitted as well to a and A. So we will see how the community likes that 172 00:29:53.370 --> 00:29:54.320 Karin Dissauer: approach. 173 00:29:55.040 --> 00:30:14.649 Karin Dissauer: So what I realized during my Phd. As well is that kernel teamings show us a lot of sign structure, especially when you look at them at logarithmic base ratio images. So really dark images, really dark regions in those images 174 00:30:14.750 --> 00:30:23.359 Karin Dissauer: show up here. in this dark red towards the white. And you I just show you here 6 different 175 00:30:23.520 --> 00:30:35.659 Karin Dissauer: examples. Were we deviate really a lot from our simple like, okay, we have a flag. So that is erupting and expanding because we 176 00:30:35.670 --> 00:30:53.340 Karin Dissauer: literally include so many more flux systems. And the regions look also far from like the ideal case that I showed you before that I was like, okay, can we use sort of this fine structure even more to learn something about the magnetic configuration or topology. 177 00:30:53.990 --> 00:31:13.270 Karin Dissauer: So I teamed up with a modeler so obviously Prasad, he works in Mhd modeling and also known for 3 magnetic field extrapolations. And we really try to understand, okay, what information can De-mings give us on sort of the configuration. 178 00:31:13.350 --> 00:31:23.159 Karin Dissauer: and it turns out that when you trace. use the deeming to trace field lines from sort of their locations. 179 00:31:23.570 --> 00:31:36.460 Karin Dissauer: you are able to find for this particular event, which is September 6, 2,011, a flux rope, that is, and overlying or sitting underneath a sort of magnetic 180 00:31:36.530 --> 00:31:43.420 Karin Dissauer: larpoint. And then we have 2 additional. some flux systems that might get involved 181 00:31:43.810 --> 00:31:53.260 Karin Dissauer: in in their option. And this is now sort of before their option is on its way. And this is literally okay. You use the deeming. And you 182 00:31:53.450 --> 00:31:57.790 Karin Dissauer: try to understand the way which flag systems might play a role. 183 00:31:58.720 --> 00:32:10.489 Karin Dissauer: And so we looked at sort of different stages of their option. So we looked at the pre-flare stage where we were able to identify really small-scale bipolar pre-flatemings. 184 00:32:10.590 --> 00:32:23.390 Karin Dissauer: as I showed already into in the introduction, and they form 30 min before the start of the flair. and by comparing simulations with observations, we were able to see 185 00:32:23.480 --> 00:32:36.370 Karin Dissauer: that their formation is literally a combination of 2 effects. So on the one hand, we see the outer envelope of the flux drop rising, which is indicated here by this purple fit lines. 186 00:32:36.430 --> 00:32:52.100 Karin Dissauer: and then, since the out, the envelope is rising, you will have magnetic reconnection at the pre-existing threed in our point here, and these field lines eventually open, creating a very dark teaming region 187 00:32:53.780 --> 00:33:02.720 Karin Dissauer: when you move now towards the main flaring stage, and those are the main eruption phase we we could show, like. 188 00:33:02.990 --> 00:33:12.320 Karin Dissauer: as I pointed out already, before this out the envelope is rising and it reconnects. It is pre-existing flux rope, but there is also a development of an X-type 189 00:33:12.500 --> 00:33:22.610 Karin Dissauer: lower point between the flax rope and these nearby loops, which is indicated as a time sequence in this upper part of this slide. 190 00:33:22.730 --> 00:33:49.289 Karin Dissauer: and what is really remarkable is like, we think we see a simultaneous reconnection at this threed nar, which feeds pretty well with what we see in observations as a combined formation of circular ribbons which you can see. They follow nicely the fan traces of this dome, and then standard parallel flare ribbons which you can see. 191 00:33:49.500 --> 00:33:55.170 Karin Dissauer: It's a bit hard to see. But you see here one ribbon, and here is another ribbon which is 192 00:33:56.150 --> 00:33:59.160 Karin Dissauer: Yeah, related to this X type. 193 00:33:59.200 --> 00:34:01.090 Karin Dissauer: Nar, 194 00:34:01.810 --> 00:34:03.080 Karin Dissauer: recollection. 195 00:34:04.250 --> 00:34:21.020 Karin Dissauer: And during the main phase, when you look at this teaming formation, it's really interesting. That sort of this fan trace is as well. It's first a flair ribbon, and then over time it sort of develops into a teeming region. So 196 00:34:21.020 --> 00:34:35.389 Karin Dissauer: we have a transformation of coast field lines of the inner spine to the outer spine, which I eventually open, and we think that this is the reason for this really dark circular shape, 197 00:34:35.389 --> 00:35:00.399 Karin Dissauer: regions that you see forming for the teaming. We are also able to get one of the food points of the flux rope that is eventually erupting. And I think one of our main conclusions was also that, like these regions of really strongest intensity, decrease, that they correspond to food points of quasi open or open magnetic field lines in the simulations. 198 00:35:02.120 --> 00:35:08.369 Karin Dissauer: And this brings me now to my last 3 slides, which is like where we 199 00:35:08.700 --> 00:35:13.100 Karin Dissauer: literally made use the sun as a test bed, and made 200 00:35:13.340 --> 00:35:19.669 Karin Dissauer: one step forward towards stellar Cms and sort of stellar activity. 201 00:35:19.830 --> 00:35:26.499 Karin Dissauer: And this is a statistical study, where we looked at 44 solar flares of cars. 202 00:35:26.540 --> 00:35:28.689 Karin Dissauer: M. 5, 0. And above. 203 00:35:29.090 --> 00:35:35.810 Karin Dissauer: where we look at SEO AI in combination with it with SEO ef which 204 00:35:36.010 --> 00:35:40.810 Karin Dissauer: produces the sun as a star light curves. 205 00:35:41.180 --> 00:35:55.629 Karin Dissauer: And we were literally interested in like, okay, if we have an eruption, does it even occur? We have sort of a confined flair, meaning we don't have interruption. Does this seeming still occur? Yes or no? 206 00:35:55.730 --> 00:36:00.640 Karin Dissauer: In order to feel these 207 00:36:01.380 --> 00:36:21.060 Karin Dissauer: mit Ctl and confusion matrix over here, where we've where you literally try to identify. Okay, how robust is your method. And like, how often do demons occur with see means, but also like to to understand the false, the misses, or the false hits, and so on. 208 00:36:21.250 --> 00:36:42.700 Karin Dissauer: And what we found from this study is that the chances for a Cme to occur when a deeming was identified after a flare. And this is very important to to state it's really the combination of okay, we have a large flair, and then we observe a deeming it seems like chances for a Cme are as high as 97, 209 00:36:42.920 --> 00:36:49.500 Karin Dissauer: and at the same time, the probability that teams occur without the see me is only 17%. 210 00:36:49.750 --> 00:37:00.770 Karin Dissauer: And this is a really strong evidence that teamings are a robust proxy for Cms, and it's really settings the stage to apply this technique for solar like stars. 211 00:37:00.950 --> 00:37:24.209 Karin Dissauer: And before I continue, I would like to explain this movie? A bit. So it's like, you see, this beautiful observations from Sto Aa of their option. It starts now again where you really see how the teamings are formed globally on the sun, and at the same time Aia allows us to 212 00:37:24.630 --> 00:37:32.070 Karin Dissauer: look only at sort of the flare mission as well as isolated at the teeming emission, and these. 213 00:37:32.300 --> 00:37:35.680 Karin Dissauer: in sort of co-temporary with Eve. 214 00:37:35.720 --> 00:37:45.789 Karin Dissauer: helps us to understand sort of the flare emission versus the timing emission and sort of when is what dominant and when is when? What's starting? So 215 00:37:45.900 --> 00:37:52.670 Karin Dissauer: the sun is really a great test. But for for sort of whatever we we then try to find on stars. 216 00:37:54.700 --> 00:37:57.429 Karin Dissauer: And yeah, and so 217 00:37:57.620 --> 00:38:03.180 Karin Dissauer: using the sun as a test. But we then decided, okay, to search for these stellar demons 218 00:38:03.520 --> 00:38:06.870 Karin Dissauer: in archive data of 219 00:38:06.980 --> 00:38:21.379 Karin Dissauer: existing missions. So my colleague searched like the UV database as well as like in the soft X-rays, using XM. And Newton and NASA Chandra data. 220 00:38:21.410 --> 00:38:32.730 Karin Dissauer: And in total. we were targeting sunlight or late type, main sequence and pre-main sequence stars. So in total, we had a list of 221 00:38:32.910 --> 00:38:41.639 Karin Dissauer: 200 stars, or observations of 201 stars that Patreon Martin were looking at. 222 00:38:41.850 --> 00:38:50.700 Karin Dissauer: and we were able to identify in 21 of those observations, Stella teamings. And you see here 2 examples. 223 00:38:50.760 --> 00:38:57.809 Karin Dissauer: This is a example on our nearest neighbor, approximate Centauri, where you see 224 00:38:58.320 --> 00:39:06.349 Karin Dissauer: acquired a book of this light curve, then we observe the flare which is followed by 6 225 00:39:06.400 --> 00:39:08.590 Karin Dissauer: extended theming period. 226 00:39:09.020 --> 00:39:23.810 Karin Dissauer: Why, we think this is really mass loss is for this particular event. We even had data available where we can look at the temperature and the emission measure evolution where you see that? 227 00:39:23.850 --> 00:39:34.890 Karin Dissauer: So this is again the quiet. This is during the flare, and this is during the demon. So you see, a significant change in emission measure from 228 00:39:35.060 --> 00:39:40.080 Karin Dissauer: sort of the reference timeframe to sort of the demon. 229 00:39:40.440 --> 00:39:45.860 Karin Dissauer: And this is another example for Appetore. which is also very sort of 230 00:39:46.140 --> 00:40:01.670 Karin Dissauer: famous star in terms of observation. So there exceeds a lot of observations for for this type of star, where you can also see sort of the quiet light curve over a couple of rotation periods. And then, after a flare, we observe these seeming phenomena 231 00:40:02.350 --> 00:40:10.609 Karin Dissauer: and the sort of deeming decreases that we found up to 70% which are similar to what we find on the song. 232 00:40:12.850 --> 00:40:15.540 Karin Dissauer: Yeah. And with that 233 00:40:15.870 --> 00:40:18.310 Karin Dissauer: I would like to conclude, or 234 00:40:18.510 --> 00:40:24.290 Karin Dissauer: just sum up what I showed you in the past 40 45 min. 235 00:40:24.360 --> 00:40:39.120 Karin Dissauer: So I hope I convince you that current demings are unique associated phenomena to solar options, and why they are so unique is because they occur during the entire evolution say they occur before 236 00:40:39.210 --> 00:40:46.399 Karin Dissauer: their option, but they also help us to understand a lot about the post event recovery phase 237 00:40:46.590 --> 00:40:50.779 Karin Dissauer: the statistical studies that I showed 238 00:40:50.910 --> 00:41:00.540 Karin Dissauer: put forward that like if seamy's occur, together with flares, that kernel demons are able to statistically reflect the properties of those phenomena. 239 00:41:00.560 --> 00:41:19.580 Karin Dissauer: and that parameters, the teaming parameters, can provide early estimates for. See me to see me mass, and to see me speed hopefully soon, also to see me acceleration potentially their direction. And they can provide an input for global hemispheric modeling. 240 00:41:20.060 --> 00:41:23.120 Karin Dissauer: In combination with flare ribbons. 241 00:41:23.430 --> 00:41:33.600 Karin Dissauer: coronal demons provide a powerful tool for magnetic connectivity and topology analysis. We worked on these with our Ec team. 242 00:41:33.680 --> 00:41:48.990 Karin Dissauer: I didn't share much yet about this type of work, but stay tuned. We're in the process of finishing a review on kernel demings that put also forward a new classification categorization that is based on 243 00:41:49.240 --> 00:42:04.659 Karin Dissauer: sort of the flux systems that I involved, and not only on sort of the observations that we have even highlighting more. How much diagnostics potential currently means. Hold. And my favorite part 244 00:42:04.800 --> 00:42:19.519 Karin Dissauer: is like their indications for stellar Cms, and that they provide a really robust technique that we can search for them, and I hope that future missions will even look be designed for looking at at Stella Demings and 245 00:42:19.690 --> 00:42:31.680 Karin Dissauer: help us to understand them even better, or understand why they, for example, occur, or why they know occur? Is it like confinement, etc. 246 00:42:31.720 --> 00:42:37.200 Karin Dissauer: And we said I would like to thank you for your attention, and I'm happy to take any questions. 247 00:42:42.510 --> 00:42:51.900 Dean Pesnell: Alright, thank you very much. Karen is a very nice talk. I like this moving out into the stars. I'm an old white dwarf Guy. 248 00:42:51.930 --> 00:42:56.260 Karin Dissauer: So you know, looking at the E UV. And stars is always 249 00:42:56.340 --> 00:43:03.419 Dean Pesnell: always been fascinating. So I hope this is II think James is working on a a telescope for that. 250 00:43:04.480 --> 00:43:07.470 Dean Pesnell: Yeah. Could be. I mean, I know that 251 00:43:08.250 --> 00:43:13.970 Karin Dissauer: having Franz is working on the escape mission, which was also like targeting demons. 252 00:43:14.340 --> 00:43:21.609 Karin Dissauer: I think it was selected for phase a but then not not further. But I think they try again to get it funded. 253 00:43:21.680 --> 00:43:37.009 Karin Dissauer: Yeah, I think what we tried to do with our mess, with with our paper towards the stars is just to show people the potential that that teams might have. And it's worth, you know, pulling forward new missions that can go search for them. 254 00:43:37.840 --> 00:43:38.640 Dean Pesnell: Great. 255 00:43:39.660 --> 00:43:44.310 Barbara Thompson (she/they): Any questions from way way Lou. 256 00:43:45.220 --> 00:43:47.139 Barbara Thompson (she/they): way, do you want to unmute and ask it. 257 00:43:47.200 --> 00:44:12.039 weiliu: Oh, Hi, Hi, Karen! That's great great talk. I enjoyed very much. So I have. Yeah, I have not followed the literature for recent years, but I'm interested in deeming quite a bit, and so I have a few quick questions. If you can clarify. So my first question is how much can we see about mass loss versus temperature effect 258 00:44:12.040 --> 00:44:23.539 weiliu: for teaming? See? To some, for some events, we did differential event measure analysis. But in general, do we have any sort of general 259 00:44:23.610 --> 00:44:26.040 weiliu: conclusion regarding this 260 00:44:26.120 --> 00:44:28.840 Karin Dissauer: and question so because 261 00:44:28.930 --> 00:44:50.520 Karin Dissauer: so to see me expands, and at the same time it checks a lot of mass, so you will always have a temperature effect as well due to the expansion of, you know coral loops, and so. But what people have found recently, or what people have found in the last years is like that. The density depletion is 262 00:44:50.720 --> 00:45:05.529 Karin Dissauer: dominating the temperature. So when you have, like the temperature effect being about 10, the sort of density depletion effect is between 50 and 70. So there is definitely a temperature component 263 00:45:05.790 --> 00:45:12.530 Karin Dissauer: sort of the deeming topic. But it's not as dominant as the density depletion. 264 00:45:13.130 --> 00:45:22.569 Karin Dissauer: So this is why people still say, Okay, it's a mass loss. And it's really, we see, like, yeah, they faked off the mass, leaving the corona. 265 00:45:24.130 --> 00:45:39.110 weiliu: So in this regard, if temperature effect is only like 10% that could be, then you can safely say, Okay, use teaming as a proxy for mass loss. Yeah. So this is, I think, what the community agreed on in the past 10 years 266 00:45:39.110 --> 00:46:01.039 Karin Dissauer: that it's really quite dominantly attending the effect than a temperature effect. But you have to be careful with how you detect it and where you where you look at it. And if you talk about doppler shifting versus, and we specifically talk about image processing in this case. So it's like the teaming term is out there 267 00:46:01.250 --> 00:46:10.999 Karin Dissauer: for a bunch of different phenomena. But but what we try to put forward is this what we call the minor option teaming, which is really the teaming associated with 268 00:46:11.050 --> 00:46:15.999 Karin Dissauer: se me, and when I see me is propagating out and and getting it checked it from the sun. 269 00:46:17.170 --> 00:46:41.760 weiliu: Okay, I so then you can safely say that if within 10%, roughly like temperature effects would be roughly in the margin of errors. And then and do you have any on suggesting as to which wavelength would be the best proxy for this if we completely ignore temperature facts? So 270 00:46:42.050 --> 00:46:43.420 Karin Dissauer: I think. 271 00:46:43.740 --> 00:46:58.249 Karin Dissauer: okay, my favorite wave lengths to look at the links is 211, and the reason for that is that 1 9, 3 is equally good. Okay. So in general, when we talk about quite some active region plasma. 272 00:46:58.250 --> 00:47:14.610 Karin Dissauer: but sort of non flaring stage, this is where you want to look for demings. So for AI, this will include 1, 7, 1, 1, 9, 3, and 2, 11. And out of those 3 lines it's 2, 11, because 1, 9, 3 has a strong flare component in it. 273 00:47:14.740 --> 00:47:26.310 Karin Dissauer: So you see a lot of laya mission in 193 that is obscuring your teeming detection. And so for that I would say 2, 11 would be my favorite 274 00:47:26.680 --> 00:47:29.330 Karin Dissauer: wavelengths to look good. 275 00:47:31.430 --> 00:47:46.780 weiliu: Okay, great. If I can ask another question I see in the Archie has a question. But if we have time, would you mind if I finish? Yeah. Yeah. So I'm also interested in some remote deeming 276 00:47:47.320 --> 00:47:54.780 weiliu: not something like, have you seen remote demons really really far from that erupting, active region like, say. 277 00:47:55.280 --> 00:47:57.920 weiliu: one solaridia away in some remote. 278 00:47:58.040 --> 00:48:02.939 weiliu: active regions, were in remote sites connected to the eruption 279 00:48:03.050 --> 00:48:04.150 weiliu: region. 280 00:48:04.220 --> 00:48:11.569 Karin Dissauer: Yeah, we definitely have seen. There are also papers out there that speak about remote teammates. 281 00:48:11.620 --> 00:48:17.870 Karin Dissauer: and I think. we test. start to like. 282 00:48:19.040 --> 00:48:32.080 Karin Dissauer: understand the full scope of them, because we look at now, topal magnetic topology in combination with teamings which is just sort of in the past 5 years. I think people started working on it. 283 00:48:32.110 --> 00:48:51.199 Karin Dissauer: And I, personally, I'm interested in that, too. And but but yeah, I think Barbara knows that probably even better than me, I mean, I think. You see, of course, I mean as sort of their option gets out it. It's sort of the current sheet also sucks in multiple 284 00:48:51.220 --> 00:49:19.579 Karin Dissauer: black systems. So it's not only one flux system that is like isolated and gets evacuated. It's really like everything that is nearby, and especially Easter, is as a reconnection site moves to higher heights, you get like additional system, which then point out towards these like remote connections. And I think that the teaming phenomena, and especially the fine structure 285 00:49:19.580 --> 00:49:28.569 Karin Dissauer: that that we look at is a very good indicator to say that solar options are way more complex. 286 00:49:28.590 --> 00:49:29.859 Karin Dissauer: Then we think. 287 00:49:30.280 --> 00:49:38.830 Karin Dissauer: And yeah, that especially those remote connections are able to also help us understand what is going on during our option. 288 00:49:39.240 --> 00:49:53.290 Karin Dissauer: But they are really going away from these classic picture of it's one isolated flux rope that is getting it checked. It's really okay. Flux rope. Food points might move around due to reconnection, and so on. So 289 00:49:53.370 --> 00:49:58.439 Karin Dissauer: I think this is what we we saw was in the past years. It's way more complicated. 290 00:49:58.760 --> 00:50:15.769 weiliu: So, in other other words, as really manifestation, the sound works as host system rather than isolated erupting regions, right? So any, even small scale eruptions can involve large volume of the sort of corona. Very extended manner. 291 00:50:15.770 --> 00:50:34.490 Barbara Thompson (she/they): Yeah, okay, so I have a few more questions. But let me stop here, and then maybe we should have a separate side discussion, cause I I'd like to talk a little bit more even about the some of the work that ways done in the connection as well. But 292 00:50:34.510 --> 00:50:37.160 Barbara Thompson (she/they): Why did you go for it, Narayaki? 293 00:50:37.240 --> 00:50:44.700 Nariaki Nitta: Ii think I kept asking this question of many people, and I don't know you are one of them. 294 00:50:44.880 --> 00:50:45.990 Nariaki Nitta: But 295 00:50:46.340 --> 00:50:54.100 Nariaki Nitta: if you know your favourite weapon says, or 2 11, Armstrong, for dimming deeds, and I agree with that. 296 00:50:54.370 --> 00:50:58.320 Nariaki Nitta: But if we look at the irradiance data. 297 00:50:58.330 --> 00:51:01.830 Nariaki Nitta: especially integrated data like these. 298 00:51:01.850 --> 00:51:05.130 Nariaki Nitta: the most prominent dimming you thought 299 00:51:05.190 --> 00:51:14.909 Nariaki Nitta: found in the lowest temperature. There's a 1 71. How do you reconcile that discrepancy? If we look at 300 00:51:15.250 --> 00:51:19.940 Nariaki Nitta: spatially resolved, dimming the 1 71 omsome images. 301 00:51:20.130 --> 00:51:23.590 Nariaki Nitta: would you have some different are results. 302 00:51:24.540 --> 00:51:28.789 Karin Dissauer: Yeah, that's a very good point. And you asked me this question before. 303 00:51:28.910 --> 00:51:43.310 Karin Dissauer: So I remember that I remember we had a discussion of why 1 7, one in Eve is so much more looking than like 211, and not like the 1 7, one filter in AI 304 00:51:43.780 --> 00:51:46.430 Karin Dissauer: and I think 305 00:51:46.760 --> 00:51:54.539 Karin Dissauer: we didn't have a conclusion, and I still have no answer to this date. I think you would. What you would need to do is look 306 00:51:54.590 --> 00:51:57.990 Karin Dissauer: more carefully. It like. How 307 00:51:58.780 --> 00:52:02.870 Karin Dissauer: yeah? Sort of which sort of ions go into? 308 00:52:03.030 --> 00:52:09.969 Karin Dissauer: the specific filters for AI, and then try to understand what's going on with Eve. What I've seen 309 00:52:10.020 --> 00:52:20.160 Karin Dissauer: the past years is that the flair can have a contribution on the overall light curve, and this is what I tried to include when I showed you 310 00:52:20.290 --> 00:52:27.200 Karin Dissauer: when you like, take the images and look at the Flare Mission, separate it from the Demoni Mission. You can see 311 00:52:27.560 --> 00:52:35.880 Karin Dissauer: that those are 2 competing sort of contributions for the overlight curve effect. And I also think that the 312 00:52:36.570 --> 00:52:55.450 Karin Dissauer: sort of duration of the flair, or what what is actually in the fluids. It's like, not only like, okay, how strong is the flare, but also, how long is it ongoing? These can actually have the huge impact on how you detect the teamings in the light curve data. 313 00:52:55.720 --> 00:52:56.720 Karin Dissauer: And 314 00:52:56.860 --> 00:53:20.509 Karin Dissauer: personally, I would like to work a little bit more on that part is like, Okay, what is actually the flair influence? How much is the flair influencing the overall light curve for this teamings? And and in terms of the 1 7 one. II have no answer. Sorry. I agree with this, you know. Maybe the effects of transfer region 315 00:53:20.820 --> 00:53:28.159 Nariaki Nitta: in 1710'clock. and just one thing. And another thing, maybe the emission from EV, wave. 316 00:53:28.440 --> 00:53:39.620 Karin Dissauer: Yeah, yeah, no. Yeah. Yeah. That can also affect. And as you know, some of those waves. Are pretty high intensity. So 317 00:53:39.770 --> 00:53:53.640 Karin Dissauer: yeah, I think you would really need to look at all these different phenomena and sort of the emission contribution to the over light curve to. Yeah. I'd like to continue this conversation later. 318 00:53:55.150 --> 00:54:13.330 weiliu: I'm sorry if I can chime in quickly regarding once everyone UV wave response, though you once say one oftentimes we have, like maybe, some warming or compression, or hating that, causing the temperature effect in 1 71, causing deeming 319 00:54:13.420 --> 00:54:23.999 weiliu: because of UV wave. And that's one thought. But of course, let me yeah, just through the point out here, and then let me stop here and then ask, and we can follow up later. 320 00:54:27.210 --> 00:54:56.800 Meng Jin: Well, thank you, Ed, and thank you. Karen is a it's a really great talk, and really enjoyed. And and my question is that you know the meals will be launching 2027. So with the scope spectroscopic data, with much higher spatial and temporal resil, and the spectral resolution. Than so my question is, is there any open question about the current that the mills can shed light on? 321 00:54:57.370 --> 00:54:59.989 Karin Dissauer: You mean, from a spectroscopic point of view. 322 00:55:00.130 --> 00:55:05.620 Meng Jin: Yes, something that sp the muse data can help. 323 00:55:05.810 --> 00:55:09.839 Karin Dissauer: Okay. So we had a paper that I didn't talk about. 324 00:55:10.750 --> 00:55:25.110 Karin Dissauer: But I street. Is the first also on this, which is in 2,018, I believe. Yeah, I think it's 2,018 where we looked at with, you know, the eyes also a little bit at the spectroscopic 325 00:55:25.150 --> 00:55:30.179 Karin Dissauer: side of teamings, and we were really lucky with the event that we were looking at. 326 00:55:30.220 --> 00:55:31.310 Karin Dissauer: because 327 00:55:31.380 --> 00:55:34.850 Karin Dissauer: the spectral slit was exactly 328 00:55:35.230 --> 00:55:36.040 Karin Dissauer: it 329 00:55:36.290 --> 00:55:48.069 Karin Dissauer: the same time when the deeming region was forming. So you could really see Pixel by Pixel. Once those field lines reconnected how first it was a reap, and then it was a deeming. 330 00:55:48.230 --> 00:55:54.329 Karin Dissauer: and we saw up to a thousand kilometers per second outflows. 331 00:55:54.530 --> 00:56:16.140 Karin Dissauer: And I, this was just one event where, you know, everything was like really working out well in terms of observations and where to sleep. These versus where both the event does and things like that. But these would be really interesting for me personally to see from Muse. If we find, like more events like these to really take it down. Okay. 332 00:56:16.560 --> 00:56:22.009 Karin Dissauer: when is the reconnection happening? When is the field plan opening? How fast is the outflow? 333 00:56:22.870 --> 00:56:47.570 Karin Dissauer: And then, we also tried to estimate the mass based on the outflows that we saw. And I think there is still a lot of questions around. Okay, how much mass is now really in the teaming? How long is actually this outflows? How long is these? Are these outflows lasting? How long is like mass getting evacuated. So I think there is also 334 00:56:47.720 --> 00:56:49.710 Karin Dissauer: not much 335 00:56:49.910 --> 00:56:58.430 Karin Dissauer: study going on in that regard. To a degree, because we don't have the observations. So I think. Yeah, those would be mine, too. 336 00:56:58.580 --> 00:56:59.809 Karin Dissauer: First. 2. 337 00:57:00.240 --> 00:57:05.919 Karin Dissauer: Yeah. Oh, and another aspect. Yeah. And another aspect of that is like that. 338 00:57:07.200 --> 00:57:09.870 Karin Dissauer: huit. Yan 339 00:57:10.660 --> 00:57:18.899 Karin Dissauer: sort of interpret it that core teamings provide at least temporarily, a contribution to the solar wind. 340 00:57:19.180 --> 00:57:30.969 Karin Dissauer: So it would be interesting to do more studies and see, okay, what is the actual contribution to the solar wind? How long is it lasting? And on the overall percentage? How much is it 341 00:57:31.580 --> 00:57:42.529 Karin Dissauer: if this is true because people call them also temporary. Cornell holds for a reason, because they have have for a certain amount of time a similar intensity. 342 00:57:43.560 --> 00:57:51.010 Karin Dissauer: level compared to. So I think the solar wind aspect would be also an interesting one. 343 00:57:52.010 --> 00:58:02.649 Meng Jin: Thank you very much. Yeah. So that's yeah. That's hope for the news data. Yeah. Another quick shot question. So do you have plan to 344 00:58:02.750 --> 00:58:04.770 Meng Jin: publicize the 345 00:58:04.940 --> 00:58:13.399 Meng Jin: the deeming data product you produced based on your detection method. 346 00:58:13.750 --> 00:58:15.149 Karin Dissauer: It it 347 00:58:15.490 --> 00:58:16.949 Karin Dissauer: I'm happy to hear. 348 00:58:17.050 --> 00:58:40.849 Karin Dissauer: Yeah. Oh, okay, is there a plan to like, have a website that people can search for event. And look at, you know, plan for for the next few months if people are interested in. Yeah. 349 00:58:41.210 --> 00:58:42.220 Karin Dissauer: thank you. 350 00:58:49.400 --> 00:58:51.589 weiliu: Do we have more time? Or 351 00:58:51.870 --> 00:59:02.650 Barbara Thompson (she/they): yeah, I mean, I'm willing to stick around if people want to. I don't wanna bring current too much. But are you willing to answer a few more questions. Of course. 352 00:59:02.860 --> 00:59:04.300 Dean Pesnell: Let's see, Andrew. 353 00:59:06.800 --> 00:59:09.399 Andrew Richard Jones: Yep, I can stick around for another half hour. 354 00:59:09.410 --> 00:59:13.380 Barbara Thompson (she/they): We could turn off the recording and stop recording. Probably. Good. 355 00:59:13.850 --> 00:59:14.550 Barbara Thompson (she/they): Okay. 356 00:59:15.870 --> 00:59:20.030 Dean Pesnell: And and if you want to leave, you have to. You could assign Barbara Co. Host.